string_methods.py

# -------------------------------------------
# String Case Manipulation

name = "rAnJItH jayadEVAN"

# Prints the original mixed-case name
print("Original Text: ", name)

# Converts entire string to UPPERCASE
print("Upper: ", name.upper())
# Converts entire string to lowercase
print("Lower: ", name.lower())
# Only first character becomes uppercase, rest lowercase
print("Capitalize: ", name.capitalize())
# Capitalizes first letter of every word
print("Title: ", name.title())
# Swaps case of each character: lowercase <-> UPPERCASE
print("Swap: ", name.swapcase())

# -------------------------------------------
# Whitespace Removal using Strip Methods

# String with leading and trailing spaces
text = "    Hello     "
# Shows whitespace before and after the word
print("Original Text:", text)

# Removes spaces from both ends
print("Strip :", text.strip())
# Removes spaces from the left (start)
print("LStrip :", text.lstrip())
# Removes spaces from the right (end)
print("RStrip :", text.rstrip())

# -------------------------------------------
# Get the length of the string including spaces
# len() counts all characters, including whitespace
print("Length (with spaces):", len(text))