diff --git a/plexapi/audio.py b/plexapi/audio.py
index 542fa7cc2..455c2a40a 100644
--- a/plexapi/audio.py
+++ b/plexapi/audio.py
@@ -156,14 +156,12 @@ def sonicallySimilar(
         Returns:
             List[:class:`~plexapi.audio.Audio`]: list of sonically similar audio items.
         """
-
-        key = f"{self.key}/nearest"
         params: Dict[str, Any] = {}
         if limit is not None:
             params['limit'] = limit
         if maxDistance is not None:
             params['maxDistance'] = maxDistance
-        key += utils.joinArgs(params)
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f"{self.key}/nearest", **params)
 
         return self.fetchItems(
             key,
@@ -280,7 +278,7 @@ def track(self, title=None, album=None, track=None):
             Raises:
                 :exc:`~plexapi.exceptions.BadRequest`: If title or album and track parameters are missing.
         """
-        key = f'{self.key}/allLeaves'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f'{self.key}/allLeaves')
         if title is not None:
             return self.fetchItem(key, Track, title__iexact=title)
         elif album is not None and track is not None:
@@ -289,7 +287,7 @@ def track(self, title=None, album=None, track=None):
 
     def tracks(self, **kwargs):
         """ Returns a list of :class:`~plexapi.audio.Track` objects by the artist. """
-        key = f'{self.key}/allLeaves'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f"{self.key}/allLeaves")
         return self.fetchItems(key, Track, **kwargs)
 
     def get(self, title=None, album=None, track=None):
@@ -329,7 +327,7 @@ def popularTracks(self):
 
     def station(self):
         """ Returns a :class:`~plexapi.playlist.Playlist` artist radio station or `None`. """
-        key = f'{self.key}?includeStations=1'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f'{self.key}', includeStations=1)
         return next(iter(self.fetchItems(key, cls=Playlist, rtag="Stations")), None)
 
     @property
@@ -440,7 +438,7 @@ def track(self, title=None, track=None):
             Raises:
                 :exc:`~plexapi.exceptions.BadRequest`: If title or track parameter is missing.
         """
-        key = f'{self.key}/children'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f'{self.key}/children')
         if title is not None and not isinstance(title, int):
             return self.fetchItem(key, Track, title__iexact=title)
         elif track is not None or isinstance(title, int):
@@ -453,7 +451,7 @@ def track(self, title=None, track=None):
 
     def tracks(self, **kwargs):
         """ Returns a list of :class:`~plexapi.audio.Track` objects in the album. """
-        key = f'{self.key}/children'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f'{self.key}/children')
         return self.fetchItems(key, Track, **kwargs)
 
     def get(self, title=None, track=None):
@@ -462,7 +460,8 @@ def get(self, title=None, track=None):
 
     def artist(self):
         """ Return the album's :class:`~plexapi.audio.Artist`. """
-        return self.fetchItem(self.parentKey)
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(self.parentKey)
+        return self.fetchItem(key)
 
     def download(self, savepath=None, keep_original_name=False, **kwargs):
         """ Download all tracks from the album. See :func:`~plexapi.base.Playable.download` for details.
@@ -609,11 +608,13 @@ def _prettyfilename(self):
 
     def album(self):
         """ Return the track's :class:`~plexapi.audio.Album`. """
-        return self.fetchItem(self.parentKey)
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(self.parentKey)
+        return self.fetchItem(key)
 
     def artist(self):
         """ Return the track's :class:`~plexapi.audio.Artist`. """
-        return self.fetchItem(self.grandparentKey)
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(self.grandparentKey)
+        return self.fetchItem(key)
 
     def _defaultSyncTitle(self):
         """ Returns str, default title for a new syncItem. """
diff --git a/plexapi/base.py b/plexapi/base.py
index adf0c6b08..bc4d6a5f0 100644
--- a/plexapi/base.py
+++ b/plexapi/base.py
@@ -191,9 +191,10 @@ def _buildQueryKey(self, key, **kwargs):
             return None
 
         args = {'includeGuids': 1, **kwargs}
-        params = utils.joinArgs(args)
+        params = utils.joinArgs(args).lstrip('?')
+        delim = '&' if '?' in key else '?'
 
-        return f"{key}{params}"
+        return f"{key}{delim}{params}"
 
     def _isChildOf(self, **kwargs):
         """ Returns True if this object is a child of the given attributes.
diff --git a/plexapi/collection.py b/plexapi/collection.py
index def67a73e..6fad6859c 100644
--- a/plexapi/collection.py
+++ b/plexapi/collection.py
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ def item(self, title):
     @cached_data_property
     def _items(self):
         """ Cache for the items. """
-        key = f'{self.key}/children'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f'{self.key}/children')
         return self.fetchItems(key)
 
     def items(self):
diff --git a/plexapi/library.py b/plexapi/library.py
index 9073ec4c4..da4e80491 100644
--- a/plexapi/library.py
+++ b/plexapi/library.py
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ def hubs(self, sectionID=None, identifier=None, **kwargs):
             if not isinstance(identifier, list):
                 identifier = [identifier]
             kwargs['identifier'] = ",".join(identifier)
-        key = f'/hubs{utils.joinArgs(kwargs)}'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey('/hubs', **kwargs)
         return self.fetchItems(key)
 
     def all(self, **kwargs):
@@ -151,11 +151,13 @@ def all(self, **kwargs):
 
     def onDeck(self):
         """ Returns a list of all media items on deck. """
-        return self.fetchItems('/library/onDeck')
+        key = self._buildQueryKey('/library/onDeck')
+        return self.fetchItems(key)
 
     def recentlyAdded(self):
         """ Returns a list of all media items recently added. """
-        return self.fetchItems('/library/recentlyAdded')
+        key = self._buildQueryKey('/library/recentlyAdded')
+        return self.fetchItems(key)
 
     def search(self, title=None, libtype=None, **kwargs):
         """ Searching within a library section is much more powerful. It seems certain
@@ -173,7 +175,7 @@ def search(self, title=None, libtype=None, **kwargs):
             args['type'] = utils.searchType(libtype)
         for attr, value in kwargs.items():
             args[attr] = value
-        key = f'/library/all{utils.joinArgs(args)}'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey('/library/all', **args)
         return self.fetchItems(key)
 
     def cleanBundles(self):
@@ -711,7 +713,7 @@ def resetManagedHubs(self):
     def hubs(self):
         """ Returns a list of available :class:`~plexapi.library.Hub` for this library section.
         """
-        key = f'/hubs/sections/{self.key}?includeStations=1'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f'/hubs/sections/{self.key}', includeStations=1)
         return self.fetchItems(key)
 
     def agents(self):
@@ -800,12 +802,12 @@ def timeline(self):
 
     def onDeck(self):
         """ Returns a list of media items on deck from this library section. """
-        key = f'/library/sections/{self.key}/onDeck'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f'/library/sections/{self.key}/onDeck')
         return self.fetchItems(key)
 
     def continueWatching(self):
         """ Return a list of media items in the library's Continue Watching hub. """
-        key = f'/hubs/sections/{self.key}/continueWatching/items'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f'/hubs/sections/{self.key}/continueWatching/items')
         return self.fetchItems(key)
 
     def recentlyAdded(self, maxresults=50, libtype=None):
@@ -1955,7 +1957,7 @@ class MusicSection(LibrarySection, ArtistEditMixins, AlbumEditMixins, TrackEditM
 
     def albums(self):
         """ Returns a list of :class:`~plexapi.audio.Album` objects in this section. """
-        key = f'/library/sections/{self.key}/albums'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f'/library/sections/{self.key}/albums')
         return self.fetchItems(key)
 
     def stations(self):
@@ -2054,7 +2056,7 @@ def sonicAdventure(
         startID = start if isinstance(start, int) else start.ratingKey
         endID = end if isinstance(end, int) else end.ratingKey
 
-        key = f"/library/sections/{self.key}/computePath?startID={startID}&endID={endID}"
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f"/library/sections/{self.key}/computePath", startID=startID, endID=endID)
         return self.fetchItems(key, **kwargs)
 
 
@@ -2233,7 +2235,8 @@ def _partialItems(self):
     def _items(self):
         """ Cache for items. """
         if self.more and self.key:  # If there are more items to load, fetch them
-            items = self.fetchItems(self.key)
+            key = self._buildQueryKey(self.key)
+            items = self.fetchItems(key)
             self.more = False
             self.size = len(items)
             return items
@@ -2309,11 +2312,12 @@ def _loadData(self, data):
         self.tagValue = utils.cast(int, data.attrib.get('tagValue'))
         self.thumb = data.attrib.get('thumb')
 
-    def items(self, *args, **kwargs):
+    def items(self):
         """ Return the list of items within this tag. """
         if not self.key:
             raise BadRequest(f'Key is not defined for this tag: {self.tag}')
-        return self.fetchItems(self.key)
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(self.key)
+        return self.fetchItems(key)
 
 
 @utils.registerPlexObject
@@ -2997,7 +3001,8 @@ def _loadData(self, data):
 
     def items(self):
         """ Returns a list of items for this filter choice. """
-        return self.fetchItems(self.fastKey)
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(self.fastKey)
+        return self.fetchItems(key)
 
 
 class ManagedHub(PlexObject):
diff --git a/plexapi/media.py b/plexapi/media.py
index 465eaf748..bb5e92f72 100644
--- a/plexapi/media.py
+++ b/plexapi/media.py
@@ -755,7 +755,8 @@ def items(self):
         """ Return the list of items within this tag. """
         if not self.key:
             raise BadRequest(f'Key is not defined for this tag: {self.tag}. Reload the parent object.')
-        return self.fetchItems(self.key)
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(self.key)
+        return self.fetchItems(key)
 
 
 @utils.registerPlexObject
diff --git a/plexapi/mixins/objects.py b/plexapi/mixins/objects.py
index 56ab0b5cd..2646f1f09 100644
--- a/plexapi/mixins/objects.py
+++ b/plexapi/mixins/objects.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ class ExtrasMixin:
     def extras(self):
         """ Returns a list of :class:`~plexapi.video.Extra` objects. """
         from plexapi.video import Extra
-        key = f'{self.key}/extras'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f'{self.key}/extras')
         return self.fetchItems(key, cls=Extra)
 
 
@@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ class HubsMixin:
     def hubs(self):
         """ Returns a list of :class:`~plexapi.library.Hub` objects. """
         from plexapi.library import Hub
-        key = f'{self.key}/related'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f'{self.key}/related')
         return self.fetchItems(key, cls=Hub)
diff --git a/plexapi/photo.py b/plexapi/photo.py
index 7f4658f52..efdcf88da 100644
--- a/plexapi/photo.py
+++ b/plexapi/photo.py
@@ -79,12 +79,12 @@ def album(self, title):
             Parameters:
                 title (str): Title of the photo album to return.
         """
-        key = f'{self.key}/children'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f'{self.key}/children')
         return self.fetchItem(key, Photoalbum, title__iexact=title)
 
     def albums(self, **kwargs):
         """ Returns a list of :class:`~plexapi.photo.Photoalbum` objects in the album. """
-        key = f'{self.key}/children'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f'{self.key}/children')
         return self.fetchItems(key, Photoalbum, **kwargs)
 
     def photo(self, title):
@@ -93,12 +93,12 @@ def photo(self, title):
             Parameters:
                 title (str): Title of the photo to return.
         """
-        key = f'{self.key}/children'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f'{self.key}/children')
         return self.fetchItem(key, Photo, title__iexact=title)
 
     def photos(self, **kwargs):
         """ Returns a list of :class:`~plexapi.photo.Photo` objects in the album. """
-        key = f'{self.key}/children'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f'{self.key}/children')
         return self.fetchItems(key, Photo, **kwargs)
 
     def clip(self, title):
@@ -107,12 +107,12 @@ def clip(self, title):
             Parameters:
                 title (str): Title of the clip to return.
         """
-        key = f'{self.key}/children'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f'{self.key}/children')
         return self.fetchItem(key, video.Clip, title__iexact=title)
 
     def clips(self, **kwargs):
         """ Returns a list of :class:`~plexapi.video.Clip` objects in the album. """
-        key = f'{self.key}/children'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f'{self.key}/children')
         return self.fetchItems(key, video.Clip, **kwargs)
 
     def get(self, title):
@@ -250,7 +250,8 @@ def _prettyfilename(self):
 
     def photoalbum(self):
         """ Return the photo's :class:`~plexapi.photo.Photoalbum`. """
-        return self.fetchItem(self.parentKey)
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(self.parentKey)
+        return self.fetchItem(key)
 
     def section(self):
         """ Returns the :class:`~plexapi.library.LibrarySection` the item belongs to. """
diff --git a/plexapi/playlist.py b/plexapi/playlist.py
index 80dcb2dd7..c42517b16 100644
--- a/plexapi/playlist.py
+++ b/plexapi/playlist.py
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ def _items(self):
         if self.radio:
             return []
 
-        key = f'{self.key}/items'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f'{self.key}/items')
         items = self.fetchItems(key)
 
         # Cache server connections to avoid reconnecting for each item
diff --git a/plexapi/video.py b/plexapi/video.py
index a56b58e5a..910104a00 100644
--- a/plexapi/video.py
+++ b/plexapi/video.py
@@ -697,7 +697,7 @@ def onDeck(self):
         """ Returns show's On Deck :class:`~plexapi.video.Video` object or `None`.
             If show is unwatched, return will likely be the first episode.
         """
-        key = f'{self.key}?includeOnDeck=1'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f'{self.key}', includeOnDeck=1)
         return next(iter(self.fetchItems(key, cls=Episode, rtag='OnDeck')), None)
 
     def season(self, title=None, season=None):
@@ -893,7 +893,7 @@ def onDeck(self):
         """ Returns season's On Deck :class:`~plexapi.video.Video` object or `None`.
             Will only return a match if the show's On Deck episode is in this season.
         """
-        key = f'{self.key}?includeOnDeck=1'
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(f'{self.key}', includeOnDeck=1)
         return next(iter(self.fetchItems(key, cls=Episode, rtag='OnDeck')), None)
 
     def episode(self, title=None, episode=None):
@@ -928,7 +928,8 @@ def get(self, title=None, episode=None):
 
     def show(self):
         """ Return the season's :class:`~plexapi.video.Show`. """
-        return self.fetchItem(self._buildQueryKey(self.parentKey))
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(self.parentKey)
+        return self.fetchItem(key)
 
     def watched(self):
         """ Returns list of watched :class:`~plexapi.video.Episode` objects. """
@@ -1218,11 +1219,13 @@ def hasPreviewThumbnails(self):
 
     def season(self):
         """" Return the episode's :class:`~plexapi.video.Season`. """
-        return self.fetchItem(self._buildQueryKey(self.parentKey))
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(self.parentKey)
+        return self.fetchItem(key)
 
     def show(self):
         """" Return the episode's :class:`~plexapi.video.Show`. """
-        return self.fetchItem(self._buildQueryKey(self.grandparentKey))
+        key = self._buildQueryKey(self.grandparentKey)
+        return self.fetchItem(key)
 
     def _defaultSyncTitle(self):
         """ Returns str, default title for a new syncItem. """
diff --git a/tests/test_fetch_items.py b/tests/test_fetch_items.py
index 749117634..c11b26974 100644
--- a/tests/test_fetch_items.py
+++ b/tests/test_fetch_items.py
@@ -39,3 +39,25 @@ def test_find_items_empty_data(plex):
     assert len(result) == 0
     result = plex.findItems(Element("MediaContainer"))
     assert isinstance(result, MediaContainer)
+
+
+def test_build_query_key(plex):
+    key = '/test/key'
+    key_with_query = f'{key}?foo=bar'
+    kwargs = {'index': 1, 'type': 2}
+
+    query_key = plex._buildQueryKey(key)
+    assert query_key.startswith(key)
+    assert '?includeGuids=1' in query_key
+
+    query_key = plex._buildQueryKey(key, **kwargs)
+    query_params = []
+    for k, v in kwargs.items():
+        query_param = f'{k}={v}'
+        assert query_param in query_key
+        query_params.append(query_param)
+
+    query_key = plex._buildQueryKey(key_with_query, **kwargs)
+    assert query_key.startswith(key_with_query)
+    assert '&includeGuids=1' in query_key
+    assert f'&{"&".join(query_params)}' in query_key